Colon

In the anatomy of the digestive system, the colon is the part of the large intestine between the cecum to the rectum. Its primary purpose is to extract water from faeces. In mammals, it consists of the ascending colon, transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon.
The colon from cecum to the mid-transverse colon is also known as the right colon. The remainder is known as the left colon.

There are a number of diseases or disorders of the colon:

Angiodysplasia of the colon
Chronic functional abdominal pain
Colitis
Colon cancer
Constipation
Crohn's disease
Diarrhea
Diverticulitis
Diverticulosis
Hirschsprung's disease (aganglionosis)
Irritable bowel syndrome
Polyposis (see also Polyp)
Pseudomembranous colitis
Ulcerative colitis and toxic megacolon